Adopting a Cat with Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV): What You Need to Know

When you hear that a cat is “FeLV-positive,” it’s natural to feel uncertain. Many people think it means a cat will always be sick or can’t live a happy life. But the truth is far more encouraging: FeLV-positive cats can be wonderful companions, and adopting one is an act of pure love and kindness.

What is FeLV?

Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) is a virus that affects a cat’s immune system. It makes them more susceptible to infections, anemia, and certain cancers. However, this doesn’t mean an FeLV-positive cat is constantly sick. Many live for several years with good health, especially when cared for in a loving home.

Not every cat exposed to FeLV will even develop a persistent infection. Some fight it off, while others carry it silently for a time before showing signs.

How Long Can an FeLV Cat Live?

The lifespan of FeLV cats varies widely:

• Some may live only a few years after diagnosis.

• Others live much longer, sometimes well past the average expectation.

What matters most is quality of life—and FeLV cats are often just as playful, affectionate, and full of personality as any other cat.

Is FeLV Dangerous to People or Other Animals?

Here’s some good news:

• FeLV cannot spread to humans, dogs, or other species.

• It is a cat-only virus, so your FeLV cat is perfectly safe to cuddle, play with, and adore.

The only risk is to other cats.

How Does FeLV Spread Between Cats?

FeLV is passed through:

• Saliva and nasal secretions (grooming, sharing food/water dishes)

• Bites from other cats

• Blood, urine, and feces (less common)

• Mother-to-kitten transmission during pregnancy or nursing

Because the virus doesn’t survive long outside the body, transmission almost always requires close contact.

Can FeLV Cats Live with Other Cats?

• FeLV cats are safest either as the only cat in the home or with other FeLV-positive cats.

• If you already have FeLV-negative cats, your vet can help you discuss the FeLV vaccine. While the vaccine reduces the risk, the safest option is usually to keep FeLV cats separate.

This is why FeLV cats are often harder to place in homes—they need a special adopter willing to accept those limits.

Caring for an FeLV-Positive Cat

Caring for an FeLV cat isn’t as complicated as many think. With a few precautions, they can live happily:

• Keep them indoors: Protects them from infection and prevents spreading FeLV.

• Feed a healthy diet: A high-quality commercial food (avoid raw diets, which may carry bacteria).

• Regular vet checkups: Twice-yearly exams, with quick treatment if they show signs of illness.

• Watch for changes: FeLV cats can develop problems more quickly, so monitoring appetite, energy, and weight is important.

• Reduce stress: A calm, loving environment helps keep their immune system strong.

Why Adopt an FeLV-Positive Cat?

• They’re often overlooked in shelters: Many people pass them by because of the diagnosis. Adopting one literally saves a life.

• They’re just as loving: FeLV cats don’t know they’re sick—they’ll still beg for belly rubs, chase toys, and curl up in your lap.

• You give them the gift of family: Even if their time is shorter, it’s far better spent in a warm, safe home than in a shelter kennel.

A Special Kind of Love

Adopting an FeLV-positive cat isn’t about focusing on the time you might lose—it’s about the love you’ll gain every single day. These cats teach us a powerful lesson: that life is measured in moments of joy, comfort, and connection, not just years.

By saying yes to an FeLV cat, you’re giving them something priceless: a chance to be truly loved. And in return, you’ll experience the deep gratitude and devotion that rescue cats are so famous for.

✨ FeLV cats may not have nine lives, but the one you share with them can be full of love.